Vladimir Putin: Zaben raba-gardamar da zai ba shi damar zama a kan mulki tsawon shekara 36

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“Idan babu Putin babu Rasha.” Ra’ayin mataimakin shugaban ma’aikatan fadar Kremlin ta Rasha kenan, kuma wasu miliyoyin ‘yan Rasha ma sun yarda da haka, waɗanda suka shafe shekaru suna zaɓen Vladmir Putin.

Akwai yiywuwar a sake sabunta wannan yardar da ke tsakanin Rashawa da shugabansu ranar 1 ga watan Yuli, inda za a kaɗa kuri’ar raba-gardama domin gyara kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar domin bai wa Putin damar sake zama shugaban ƙasa na shekara shida-shida sau biyu.

Ɗan shekara 67, Putin bai ce ba zai sake yin takarar shugaban ƙasa ba idan wa’adin mulkinsa na yanzu ya ƙare a 2024 – kuma zai iya kasancewa a kan mulki har zuwa 2036.

Za a fara kaɗa kuri’ar ne kwanaki kaɗan bayan bikin murnar cika shekara 75 da samun galaba a kan dakarun Nazi a yaƙin duniya na biyu, wanda Rasha ta ɗaga saboda annobar cutar korona, wanda kuma aka gudanar a dandalin Red Square na birnin Moscow.

Me ya sa za a yi zaɓen raba-gardamar?

A Janairun 2020 ne Putin ya nemi a yi zaɓen gyara kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar.

Ɗaya daga cikin abin da aka tsara za a jefa wa kuri’a shi ne bai wa Putin damar sake tsayawa tsakara ta wa’adin shekara shida sau biyu.

Zaɓen wanda aka shirya yi ranar 22 ga watan Afrilu, an ɗge shi saboda annobar korona amma yanzu za a gudanar da shi ranar 1 ga watan Yuli.

Domin bayar da tazara, za a gudanar da zaɓen ne cikin kwana biyar a faɗin ƙasar, har da wuraren da suke fama da annobar ta korona.

Mene ne shirin Shugaba Putin?

Ƙasar Rasha Putin kaɗai ta sani a matsayin shugaba a ƙarni na 21.

Rashawa sun gan shi ya sauya daga naɗaɗɗen firaminista (a 1999) zuwa shugaban ƙasa (a 2000 zuwa 2008), zuwa firaminista (2008 – 2012), zuwa shugaban ƙasa (2012 zuwa yanzu).

Duk da cewa Putin bai ce zai sake yin takara ba, haka ma bai ce ba zai yi ba, abin da ya sa masu suka ke cewa shugaban na ƙoƙrin sahhale wa kansa zama a karagar mulki har ƙarshen rayuwarsa, ko kuma dai aƙalla zuwa 2036.

Ɗaya daga cikin magoya bayansa irinsu ‘yar sama jannati kuma ‘yar majalisa Valentina Tereshkova tuni ta nuna cewa “a daina ƙayyade shekarun yin shugabanci”, abin da zai iya ba shi damar zama a mulki.

Kuma da alama farin jininsa yana nan, domin kuwa zaɓen da ya shiga na ƙarshe, ya yi nasara da kashi 76 cikin 100.

Ya nuna cewa har yanzu Rasha ba ta shirya yin sabon shugaba ba.

Wakiliyar BBC Sarah Rainsford ta ce: “Mutane da dama ba su da wata matsala da Putin. Idan ma ba sa sonsa to ba su damu ba. Da yawa suna ɗaukarsa a matsatin tsayayyen shugaba da yake daidai da Turawan Yamma.

“Saboda haka ba wani abin mamaki ba ne idan aka rasa mai ƙalubalantarsa.”

Yaya aka yi Putin ya gagara?

Vladimir Putin ya taso ne lokacin da yaƙin cacar baki ke zuwa ƙarshe tsakanin Rasha da aAmmacin Turai.

Juyin juya halin shekarar 1989 ya same shi ne lokacin yana jami’in KGB a Dresden, lokacin yana ƙarƙashin ikon Jamus Ta Gabas.

Putin da kansa ya bayyana yadda ya riƙa neman tallafi lokacin da aka mamaye hedikwatar KGB a Dresden, sai da Rasha a ƙarƙashin mulkin Mikhail Gorbachev ba ta ce komai ba.

Wani marubucin tarihin Putin, Boris Reitschuster, ya ce: “Ba don zamansa a Jamus ta Gabas ba, da wani Putin za mu gani na daban ba wannan ba.”

Yadda ya hau mulki

Jim kaɗan bayan komawarsa garinsu mai suna Leningrad (wanda aka sauya wa suna zuwa Saint Petersburg), Putin ya zama na hannun daman magajin garin, Anatoly Sobchak.

A can Jamus Ta Gabas, Putin na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda ake zaton sun rasa muƙamansu, amma daga baya ya farfaɗo a siyasance a sabuwar Rasha.

Ya koma Moscow, sannan ya zama babba a KGB (wadda ta zama FSB daga baya) kuma cikin ɗan lokaci ya fara aiki da Fadar Kremlin.

A lokacin, Boris Yeltsin ne shugban Tarayyar Rasha. Gwamnatinsa ta ci gaba da aiki da tsohuwar jam’iyyar Communist Party kuma zuwa shekarar 1999 Yeltsin ya naɗa Putin Firaministan Rasha.

Ya bai wa kowa mamaki sanda ya zama shugaban ƙasa

Halayen Yeltsin sun fara zama abin tambaya, kuma zuwa ranar 31 ga watan Disamban 1999 ya sanar da sauka daga mulki.

Putin ya kafa kansa a matsayin muƙaddashin shugaban ƙasa tare da goyon bayan Berezovsky da kuma manyan ‘yan kasuwa, muƙamin da ya lashe ta hanyar jefa ƙuri’a a hukumance a watan Maris na 2000.

Muƙarraban gwamnatin Yeltsin da masu neman sauyi duka sun yarda da sabbin shugabansu – farin mutum tas da ba a san shi ba sosai kuma mai sauƙin hali.

Sai dai cikin wata uku da zuwansa, Putin ya fara iko da kafafen yaɗa labarai, a wani lokaci muhimmi da ya shammaci manyan masu kuɗin ƙasar da kuma tsofaffin al’adun Fadar Kremlin.

Murƙushe ra’ayoyin ‘yan adawa

Karɓe iko da kafafen yaɗa labarai da Putin ya yi na nufin abu biyu: raba masu suka da ikon da suke da shi na faɗa a ji da kuma sauya tunanin mutane, daga yaƙin Checheniya zuwa hare-haren birnin Moscow.

Tun daga wannan loakci kuma, mazauna ƙuyukan Rasha na kallon abin da Putin yake son su kalla ne kawai a talabijin.

Mafi yawa daga cikin gidajen talabijin 3,000 da ke Rasha na sa saka labarai kwata-kwata, idan kuma za a yi rahoton siyasa to sai gwamnati ta tantance.

Putin ya mallaki ragamar yankuna 83 na Rasha ne ta hanyar naɗa yardaddun ‘yan siyasa a matsayin gwamnoni.

Ya ruguza tsarin zaɓen shugabannin yankuna kuma ya maye gurbinsu da gwamnoni a 2004 – a madadin haka sai ya fitar da sunayen mutum uku na ‘yan majalisar kowanne yanki da mutanen yankin za su zaɓa a matsayin gwamnansu.

Duk da cewa an soke shi da karya dimokuraɗiyya, amma tsarin nasa ya biya musamman a yankuna kamar Chechnya.

An sake yin zaɓen yankuna a shekarar 2012 bayan an sha zanga-zangar neman mulkin dimokuraɗiyya, amma zuwa Afrilun 2013 ƙarfin ikon Putin ya dawo ta hanyar kafa tsauraran dokoki.

Zanga-zanga ta ɓarke a Moscow da sauran sassan Rasha daga shekarar 2011 zuwa 2013 domin neman zaɓe sahihi da kuma sauye-sauyen siyasa.

Ita ce zanga-zanga mafi girma da aka gani a Rasha tun bayan shekarun 1990.

Hakan ta sa Putin ya yi wasu sauye-sauye ta hanyar yi wa yankuna alƙawarin ƙarin ‘yanci game da tattalin arzikinsu. Sai dai barazanar zanga-zangar na wucewa abubuwa suka ci gaba a yadda suke.

Nuna ƙarfin mulki a Crimea da kusa da ƙasashen waje

Rashin tsayayyar gwamnati a ƙasar Ukraine ya bai wa Putin dama.

Ƙwace yankin Crimea da ya yi a 2014 ita ce babbar nasararsa zuwa yanzu kuma babban abin kunya ga Turawan Yammacin.

Rasha ta nuna ƙarfin ikonta wurin ƙwace wani yanki na makwabciyarta yayin da duniya ke kallo kuma babu wanda ya iya yin komai.

Sai dai da ma can Putin ya daɗe yana shirya yadda zai faɗaɗa ƙasar Rasha ta hanyar ƙace wasu yankuna na maƙabta da suka ɓlle daga tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet da kuma waɗnda har yanzu take ganin nata ne.

Sabon Tsari a Rasha?

Yayin mulkinsa, Putin ya yi ta farfaɗo da ƙudirin nan na karɓe yankuna mai laƙabin ‘Collector of Russian Lands’, wata tsohuwar manufa da ta sahale faɗaɗa ƙasar Rasha.

Wannan ta sa cikin sauƙi za a iya fahimtar dalilinbda ya sa yake son yin ƙwace yankin Crimea da sauran ƙasashe makwabta.

Wasu masu sharhi a Rasha kamar Arkady Ostrovsky, na ganin hakan ka iya dawo da tsarin shugabanci na Tsar: wani shugaba da ya fi ƙarfin duk wata siyasar jam’iyya.

Ai kuwa a zaɓen da ya gabata, Putin ya yi takara ne a matsayin ɗan takara mai zaman kansa.

Zuwa yanzu, matsayin Putin a Rasha mai ƙarfin gaske ne. Amma me zai faru bayan ƙrewar wa’adinsa na huɗu ya ƙare a 2024?

Babu wanda zai iya hasashen abin da zai faru nan gaba, amma Putin zai iya ƙirƙiro wata mafita.