Harin Masallacin Ka’aba na 1971 ya sauya tarihin Saudiyya

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Yanzu shekara 40 ke nan da wani malami mai kwarjini da mabiyansa suka kwace ikon Masallacin Ka’aba da ke Makkah da bakin bindiga.

Lamarin ya mayar da Masallacin wanda shi ne wuri mafi tsarki a addinin Islama fagen yaki a lokacin, sannan ya girgiza duniyar Musulunci kuma ya sauya tarihin kasar Saudiyya.

Da asubahin ranar 20 ga watan Nuwamban 1979 ne Musulmai kimanin 50,000 daga kasashen duniya suka taru domin halartar sallar Subahi a cikin jam’i a masallacin.

Ashe wasu mutum 200 daga cikin almajiran malamin mai suna Juhayman al-Utaybi, sun saje a cikin masu sallar.

Juhayman al-Utaybi dan shekara 40 ne mai wa’azi da kuma matukar kwarjini.

Da liman ya idar da sallah sai Juhayman da mabiyansa suka ture limamin gefe suka kwace makirfo.

Gabanin haka an ga almajiran nasa sun kawo gawarwaki harabar masallacin, kamar yadda aka saba idan za a yi sallar gawa.

Amma da suka bude, sai aka ga ashe bindigogi ne suka dauko, wadanda nan take mabiyan nasa suka daddauka.

Nan take sai daya daga cikin almajiran mai suna Khaled al-Yami, ya fara karanta wata huduba da aka riga aka rubuta:

“Ya ku ‘yan uwa Musulmi, a yau muna sanar da ku bayyanar Mahadi…shugaba da zai yi mulki da gaskiya da adalci a doron kasa bayan an cike duniya da danniya da zalinci”.

Alhazan da ke masallacin sun ji wata sanarwa da ba su taba jin irinta ba.

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Hadisai sun yi magana game da bayyanar Mahadi (mai ceto) a karshen zamani. Sun kuma bayyana cewa Mahadi mutum ne da Allah Ya bai wa ikon yin wasu abubuwan al’ajabi. Wasu Musulmai sun yi imanin cewa Mahadi zai kawo mulki na adalci da imani na gaskiya.

Mai karanta hudubar wato Khaled al-Yami, daga cikin almajiran Juhayman al-Utaybi, ya yi ikirarin cewa “mafarki da dama sun tabbatar da cewa Mahadi ya bayyana”.

Al-Yami ya ce daruruwan Musulmai sun ga Mahadi a cikin mafarki sannan ya ce Mahadi na cikinsu a wancan lokacin. Daga nan sai ya sanar cewa Mohammed bin Abdullah al-Qahtani shi ne Mahadi.

A wani sautin da aka nada na hudubar, an rika jin muryar Juhayaman, inda yake katse mai hudubar daga lokaci zuwa lokaci yana umurtar almajiransa su rufe kofofin masallacin kuma su yi kwanto a kan hasumiyoyin masallacin, wadanda a lokacin sun fi komai tsawo a garin Makkah.

“As-Salamu alaikum ‘yan uwa! Ahmad al-Lehebi, ka je ka hau saman rufi. Duk wanda ke neman kawo tirjiya a bakin kofa, a harbe shi!”

Wasu shedun gani da ido sun ce Juhayman shi ne wanda ya fara yi wa Mahadi mubaya’a kafin nan take sauran mutane suka yi koyi da shi. Daga nan sai wuri ya cika da kabbara.

Duk da haka an samu wani rudani. Wani dalibin addinin Musulunci dan kasar Masar Abdel Moneim Sultan, wanda ya san wasu almajiran Juhayman a lokacin ya ce yawancin alhazai da suka zo daga kasashen duniya marasa jin Larabci ne kuma ba su fahimci abin da ke faruwa ba.

Yawancin wadanda ke masallacin sun yi mamakin ganin mutane dauke da bindigogi a wurin da Musulunci ya haramta daukar makami ko tayar da rikici.

Jin karar harbi ya razana su, abin da ya sa suka yi ta guje-gujen neman tsira ta kofofin masallacin da ba’a riga an rufe ba.

“Mutane sun yi mamakin ganin ‘yan bindigar… Ba su saba ganin haka ba. Tabbas hakan ya firgita su. Abin ya wuce tunani,” inji Abdel Moneim Sultan.

Cikin sa’a daya da fara mamayar ta rashin kunya har maharan sun karbe ikon Masallacin na Ka’aba. Hakan ya haifar da babban kalubale ga masarautar Saudiyya.

Mutanen da suka kwace masallacin ‘ya’yan wata kungiya ce mai suna al-Jamaa al-Salafiya al-Muhtasiba (JSM), wadda ke sukar abin da ta kira tabarbarewar tarbiyya da saba wa addini a kasar.

Bayan kasar ta samu kudin mai sai ta fara shiga cikin daula tana sayo kayan more rayuwa da karin motoci da kayan laturoni.

Yanayin rayuwar kasar ya fara komawa birnanci da jin dadi, maza da mata suka fara cudanya da juna a bainar jama’a a wasu sassan kasar.

Amma ‘ya’yan kungiyar JSM sun ci gaba da rayuwa a cikin tsantseni. Suna ta yin wa’azi da kokarin Musuluntar da mutane. Suna kuma neman ilimin Kur’ani da Hadisai tare da bin koyarwar Musulunci daidai da fatawar manyan malaman kasar.

Juhayman wanda daya ne daga cikin iyayen JSM – dan Sajir ne, wani kauye a yankin tsakiyar kasar – ya taba fada wa mabiyansa cewa rayuwar da ya yi a baya ba ta da kyau.

Yakan ba almajiransa labarin rayuwarsa ta baya da kuma kissoshin wasu nasarori da akasin haka da aka samu a baya.

Ya kan ba da irin wadannan kissoshi ne da yamma a wurin da suke jin dumi a cikin hamada ko kuma a duk lokacin da suka taru a gidan daya daga cikin almajiransa.

Usama al-Qusi wani dalibin ne da ke yawan halartar majalisin JSM. Ya ji Juhayman na fada wa almajiransa cewa a baya ya yi “haramtaccen fatauci, ciki har da safarar miyagun kwayoyi”.

Amma ya tuba kuma yin addini ya zame masa kwanciyar hankali, inda ya zama hazikin jagora mai sadaukar da kai.

Akasarin ‘ya’yan JSM musamman matasa sun rudu da dadin bakin Juhayman.

Yawancin wadanda suka san Juhayman irinsu Mutwali Saleh wanda dalibi ne a wancan lokacin, sun tabbatar da cewa Juhayman mutum ne mai kwarjini da yawan ibada.

“Duk wanda ya hadu da shi sai ya so shi. Yana da ban al’ajabi da kwarjini. Yana bin muradunsa sau da kafa sannan ya mayar da rayuwarsa ga Allah da neman tsira a ranar lahira.”

Sai dai kuma Juhayman na da karancin ilimi a matsayinsa na shugaba.

“Juhayman ya fi zuwa kauyuka. Rashin iya Larabci [irin wanda malaman Musulunci ke yi] sosai da yananin magana da harshensa irin na kauyawa ta sa yake gudun yin jawabi a gaban taron masu ilimi don gudun kada asirinsa ya tonu”, kamar yadda Nasser al-Hozeimi, daya daga cikin almajiransa makusanta ya fada.

Juhayman tsohon soja ne, don haka haka ya yi amfani da dabarun soji wurin shirya harin masallacin.

Daga bisani sai JSM ta fara fada da manyan malaman Saudiyya, abin da ya sa hukumomin kasar kaddamar da wani samame a kan kungiyar.

Hakan ta sa Juhayman ya tsere zuwa yankunan hamada, inda ya rika rubuta wasu ‘yan kananan takardu da a ciki yake sukan sarakunan Saudiyya game da lalacewar tarbiya a kasar.

Yana kuma zargin malaman kasar da goyon bayan gidan sarautar saboda son abin duniya.

Juhayman ya hakikance cewa kasar ta gurbace kuma babu abin da zai kubutar da ita sai taimakon Allah.

A lokacin ne ya bayyana Mohammad Bin Abdullah al-Qahtani a matsayin Mahadi.

Mohammad al-Qahtani wani matashin mai wa’azi ne, mai tattausan murya da aka sani da kyawawan dabi’u da yawan ibada.

Hadisai sun bayyana cewa Mahadi zai kasance da suna irin na Manzon Allah da kuma sunan mahaifinsa, kuma sun bayyana siffarsa cewa mutum ne mai fadin goshi, dan siriri mai tankwararren hanci.

Juhayman ya ga wadannan siffofi a tattare da al-Qahtani. Amma shi kansa wanda ake riya cewa shi ne Mahadin bai lura da haka ba sai daga baya.

Daga nan sai ya shiga halwa, inda ya yi ta addu’a kafin daga baya ya fito bayan ya gamsu cewa abin da Juhayman ya fada game shi gaskiya ne.

Daga nan sai ya fara gabatar da kansa a matsayin Mahadi. Alakar hadin gwiwa tsakanin Juhayman da al-Qahtani ta kara karfi bayan Juhayman ya auri yayar Qahtani a matsayin matarsa ta biyu.

Watanni kadan gabanin harin masallacin, an yi ta yada jita-jita cewa daruruwan alhazai da suka zo Makkah sun ga al-Qahtani a cikin mafarki a tsaye ya daga tutar Musulunci a Masallacin Ka’aba.

Magoya bayan Juhayman sun yi imani da hakan. Wani dan JSM Mutwali Saleh ya ce: “Na tuna a zamanmu na karshe sanda wani dan uwa ya ce da ni cewa ‘Mutwali me kake gani game da Mahadi?’

“Na ce masa ‘Don Allah ka bar wannan batu.’ Sai wani daga gefe ya ce da ni ‘Kai shedanin boye ne. Dan uwa, Mahadi gaskiya ne kuma shi ne Muhammad bin Abdullah al-Qahtani.'”

A can kauyukan da Juhayman ya samu mafaka kuma shi da mabiyansa sun riga sun shirya wa zuwan wani rikici.

Gwamnatin Saudiyya ba ta yi saurin daukar matakin da ya dace game da harin Juhayman da almajiransa ba.

A lokacin da abin ya faru Yarima Mai Jiran Gado Fahd bin Abdulaziz al-Saud na halartar taron kasahsen Larabawa a Tunisia.

Shi kuma Yarima Abdullah wanda shi ne shugaban rundunar mayaka ta musamman masu kare sarakunan kasar ya yi tafiya zuwa Morocco.

Sarki Khalid wanda ke fama da rashin lafiya tare da ministan tsaro Yarima Sultan, su ne kadai suka rage a kasar da za su dauki mataki a kan matsalar.

Da farko ‘yan sandan kasa ba su fahimci girman matsalar ba. Don haka sai suka tura wasu motocin sinitiri su je su binciko abin da ke faruwa. Isarsu motocin masallacin ke da wuya sai maharan suka yi ta yi musu ruwan harsasai.

Bayan sun fahimci girman harin sai rundunar mayakan kasar ta musamman ta yi gaggawan shiga aikin karbo masallacin daga ‘yan tawayen.

Daga cikin turawan da suka sheda abin da ya faru, wani jami’in siyasa a ofishin jakadancin Amurka a Jiddah Mark Hambley, ya ce akwai jarumta a abin da dakarun suka yi, sai dai babu kwarewa sosai. “Nan take aka yi ta harbo su…maharban sarin ka noken na da manyan bindigogi lafiyayyu kirar Belgium.”

Ta bayyana a fili cewa masu tayar da kayar bayan a shirye suke kuma ba za karya lagonsu cikin sauki ba. Saboda haka sai sojoji suka yi wa masallacin kawanya kuma suka kawo dakarun runduna ta musamman da ‘yan atilari da masu saukar lema.

Wani dalibi da rikicin ya ritsa da shi a masallacin Abdel Moneim Sultan, ya ce daga maraicen rana ta biyu ne abin ya kara tsanani. “Na ga makaman atilari na harbin hasumiyoyin masallacin. Jiragen yaki da masu saukar ungulu na zarya a sararin samaniya”, inji shi.

A kwana biyu da suka biyo baya sai dakarun gwamnatin Saudiyya suka tunkari maharan domin shiga cikin masallacin amma ‘yan tawayen suka ki yarda, duk da cewa sojojin sun fi su maharan yawa da kuma yawan makamai.

Abdel Moneim Sultan ya ce hankalin Juhayman na kwance a lokacin, inda yake kishingide a jikin dakin Ka’abah. “Ya yi barcin minti 30 zuwa 45 a kan cinyata, matarsa kuma na tsaye daga gefe. Tana tare da shi a kowane lokaci,” inji shi.

‘Yan tawayen sun yi ta kona dardumoimi da tayoyi domin tayar da hayaki ya turnuke sama. Sun bobboye a jikin gimshikan gini kafin daga baya suka sulale a cikin duhu da nufin yi wa sojojin Saudiyya kwanton Bauna.

Ginin masallacin ya koma tamkar wurin da ake zubar da jini yayin da adadin wadanda aka kashe ya kai daruruwa.

“Wannan yaki ne na gaba da gaba. Yanayi ne na yaki inda harsasai ke tashi ta ko’ina – abin na da ban mamaki”, inji kwamandan rundunar mayaka na musamman a ma’aikatar harkokin cikin gidan Saudiyya Manjo Mohammad al-Nufai.

Bayan Sarki Khalid ya tara malaman kasar sai suka ba da fatawar cewa sojojin kasar su yi amfani da kowane irin karfi domin murkushe ‘yan tawayen.

Daga nan ne aka fara amfani da manyan bindigogi da harsasai masu bin abin da aka harba a kan ‘yan tawayen da ke labe a kan hasumiyoyi. Sojoji suka rika amfani da tankokin yaki suna balla kofofin da ‘yan tawaye suka kukkulle.

‘Yan tawayen sun yi ta labewa a bayan Mahadinsu. “Na ga wasu ‘yan raunuka guda biyu a gefen idanunsa, harsasai sun huhhuda kayansa,” Abdel Moneim Sultan ya ce. “Ya yi amannar cewa zai iya kara jikinsa a ko’ina domin yana ganin shi ba zai mutu ba – tunda shi ne Mahadi.”

Amma ikirarin nasa cewa ba ya mutuwa mara tushe bai yi tsawo ba, domin ba’a dade ba sai ga shi harbin bindiga ya huhhuda jikinsa.

“Da aka harbe shi sai mabiyansa suka fara ihu cewa: “An ji wa Mahadi ciwo!” Wasu daga cikinsu sun yi kokarin zuwa su kai masa dauki, amma ruwan wutan da sojojin ke yi ya hana su, dole suka tsere”, inji wani shedan gani da ido.

Sun fada wa Juhayman cewa an harbi Mahadi, amma ya cewa wa mabiyansa cewa: “Kar ku biye musu. Sun juya baya ne!”

Sai da aka shafe kwana shida ana musayar wuta kafin dakarun gwamnatin Saudiyya suka iya kwace ikon harabar masallacin da gine-ginen da ke zagaye da shi.

Sauran ‘yan tawayen kuma sun shige cikin dakuna da hanyoyin karkashin kasa bayan Juhayman ya gaya masu cewa Mahadi na nan da ransa a cikin ginin.

Sun shiga cikin tsaka mai wuya. “Doyin gawarwaki da raunukan da suka rube ya dume mu ta ko’ina”, inji wani da ya sheda fadan. “Da farko akwai ruwa amma daga baya sai aka fara rarrabawa (karba-karba). Da dabino ya kare sai aka fara cin danyen fulawa… abin akwai tashin hankali da ban tsaro.

Duk da cewa gwamantin Saudiyya ta yi ta fitar da sanarwa a akai a kai cewa tana samun nasara, rashin ganin ana nuna salla a masallacin kamar yadda aka saba kuma na tura wani sako na daban a duniyar Musulunci. “Duk dabarar da gwamnatin Saudiyya ta yi amfani da ita ba ta yi aiki ba”, iji Hambley. “Sai sojojin kasar suka yi ta kara kora maharan zuwa cikin gine-ginen karkashin kasa.”

Da alama gwamnatin Saudiyya na neman dauki domin ta kawo karshen harin da kuma kamo shugabannin ‘yan ta’addan da ransu. Saboda haka sai suka nemi taimakon shugaban Faransa Valéry Giscard d’Estaing.

“Jakadanmu ya sheda mini cewa a bayyane take cewa sojojin Saudiyya ba su da tsari kuma ba su san yadda za su tunkari matsalar ba, in ji Giscard d’Estaing, a lokacin da fara tabbatar wa BBC irin rawar da Faransa ta taka a lokacin harin.

“Na ga abin na da matukar hadari duba dsa rauni da rashin shirin gwamantin kasar da kuma illar da hakan zai iya yi wa kasuwar danyen mai ta duniya.”

Shugaban na Faransa a lokacin ya tura wasu kwararru guda uku a asirce zuwa Saudiyya. Masu bayar da shawarar jami’an runduar yaki da ta’addancin Faransa ta GIGN ne da aka kafa a lokacin. An yi aikin ne a asirce domin kare Saudiyya daga suka saboda ta nemi taimako daga kasashen yamma a tushen Musulunci.

An ajiye turawan Faransan ne a wani otel da ke garin Da’if mai makwabtaka da Makkah. Daga nan ne suke bayar da shawarar yadda za a kakkabe ‘yan tawayen ta hanyar cike hanyoyin karkashin ginin masallacin da iskar gas ta yadda ‘yan tawayen ba za su iya shakar iskar ba.

“An haka ramuka a kowane mita 50 domin kaiwa ga hanyoyin karkashin ginin”, inji kyeftin Paul Barril, wanda ya jagoranci aikin. “An yi ta busa iskar gas ta ramukan. An kuma yi amfani da gurneti wurin yada karfin iskar gas din zuwa maboyar ‘yan tawayen.”

Wani daga cikin shedu ya ce a lokacin da suke boye a ginin karkashin kasa tare da sauran ‘yan tawayen, sun ji kamar ajalinsu ne ya zo. “Mun ji kamar mutuwa ce ta zo mana, domin ba ka san ko karar da kake ji na bindiga ba ne. Akwai ban tsoro sosai.”

Dabarar Faransawan ta yi nasara.

“Abinci da makaman Juhayman da mayakansa sun kare a kwana biyun karshe,” a cewar wani makusanci daga almajiransa Nasser al-Hozeimi. “Sun taru a wani dan daki, sojoji suna ta jefa masu bam din hayaki ta wani rami da sojojin suka huda ta silin… Abin da ya sa suka mika wuya ke nan. Juhayman ne ya fara sannan sauran suka biyo shi.”

Manjo Nufai ya halarci wani taron da ‘ya’yan gidan sarautar Saudiyya suka yi bayan an kamo Juhayman. “Yarima Saud al-Faisal ya tambaye shi: “Juhayman me ya sa?’ Amma ya amsa da cewa: ‘Imani ne kawai.’ Yarima ya kara tambayarsa ‘Me kake nema?’ Sai ya ce: ‘ A bani ruwa.'”

Kimanin wata daya bayan gabatar da Juhayman ga ‘yan Jarida, sai aka zartar da hukuncin kisa a kan ‘yan tawayen su 63 a garuruwa takwas na kasar. Juhayman shi ne ya fara mutuwa a cikinsu.

Yayin da Juhayman ya yi kuskure a imaninsa da Mahadin da yake riyawa, ya yi daidai da harakar masu ra’ayin rikau da ke adawa da wasu sauye-sauye a kasar, wanda ya sa wasu manyan malaman kasar suka samu galaba a kan gidan sarautar.

Daga cikin mutanen da wannan harin ya yi tasiri a kansu akwai Osama Bin Laden.

A cikin wata takarda da ya rubuta na sukar gidan sarautar, Osama Bin Laden ya ce sun “keta hurumin Masallacin Ka’aba alhali za a iya magance matsalar cikin ruwan sanyi”. Ya kara da cewa: “Har yau ina tuna shedar kafafunsu a kan tayil din masallacin.”

“Abin da Juhayman ya yi ya dakatar da abubuwan zamani,” inji Nasser al-Huzaimi. “Misali shi ne, ya nemi gwamnati ta hana mata gabatar da shirye-sjiryen talabijin. Bayan harin masallacin mace ba ta kara gabatar da shirin talabijin ba.”

Haka kasar ta ci gaba da zama a cikin wannan tsattsauran ra’ayi har shekara 40. Sai a baya-bayan nan aka fara ganin sauyi.

A hirar da aka yi da Yarima Mai Jiran Gado Mohammed Bin Salman a cikin watan Maris na 2018, yariman ya ce kafin 1979, “Muna rayuwarmu kamar sauran kashen yankin Gulf. Mata na tuka mota kuma akwai gidajen kallo a Saudiyya.”

Abin da yake magana a kai shi ne harin da aka kai wa Masallacin Ka’aba.